In today's class we saw the basics of the physical world.
Geography is the study of human beings, their places and their relationships with their environment.
Atmosphere, hydrosphere and Lithosphere together form Biosphere or the habitable zone.
Eratosthenes is considered as the father of Geography.
The discipline of Geography can be classified into physical and human geographies.
Physical Geography:
It includes geomorphology, Climatology, Oceanography, Bio geography and environmental ecology.
Human Geography:
It includes population and settlement geography, Economic geography and Socio -Cultural Geography.
Shape of Earth:
Earth is geoid( obligate spheroid) in shape.
It is flat( due to accumulation of more number of magnetic lines of force, there is more magnet field leading to inward pull of surface particles) at the Poles.
Earth is bulged at the equator as a result of:
1)centrifugal force exceeding centripetal force due to rotation
2) Least magnetic force at equator.
As a result of 1) and 2) the particles are pushed outwards leading to a bulge.
The imaginary line connecting sea and the sky is called as Horizon.
Earth rotates from West to East.
By observing the lunar eclipse, it was concluded that earth is round in shape.
Latitudes:
These are horizontal circles drawn from centre( equator or the great circle) to the poles( northern and southern most tips)
Longitudes:
These are vertical curves connecting the poles. The 0° longitude is considered at the Greenwich Meridian or Prime meridian which lies opposite to the anti-meridian( International date line) which is at 180°.
Every rotation is completed at the international date line.
We can use latitudes and longitudes together as co-ordinates to mark locations and also longitudes can be used to calculate time.
Content Credits: Leo Vishnu Varthan
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