GEOMORPHOLOGY:
·
Geomorphology
is the study of formation of Universe and clustered structure in it.
·
The
most accepted among the available theories is BIG BANG theory.
·
Our
universe consists of 96% of dark matter and 4% of celestial bodies.
BIG BANG THEORY:
· It begins with the assumption of
considering the presence of PREMORDIAL particle which has infinite volume ,
density and temperature. It’s size is less than the size of electron.
· This tiny particle exploded before
13.7 billon years ago and started to
expand.
· The expansion was faster only for
just 3 mins after explosion and then slowed once after the first atom formed.
· Within 3 lakh years temperature of
whole interstellar space drops
· There period after this, ie. till 1
billon years has not recorded any events or cosmic activity. Hence this period
is called as dark age.
· Cosmic Background Explorer didn’t
detect any gravitational wave of this period.
· After on billon years stars began to
form.
· Earth started to evolve from 4.6 billion
years ago.
IMPORTANT
FACTS TO BE REMBERED:
· Voyager-1 sent by NASA is the first
human made one exit the solar system which is fed by radioactive isotopes.
· Star which is currently near to the
sun is ALPHA CENTAURI alternatively occupied by PROXIMA CENTAURI.
· Brightest star in our night sky is
SIRIUS.
· Speed of the light is constant in any
medium that’s why we use light year to measure the distance across the space.
· Galaxies don’t expand but the
distance between the galaxies increase.
· This has been proven by RED SHIFT
THEORY.
GALAEXIES:
· FORMATION: Hydrogen gas was unevenly
distributed after the explosion. Due to gravitational pull these were formed in
H2 clouds (NEBULA) .
· This increase in density led to the
formation of the galaxies.
· System of millions or billions of
stars held together by gravitational attraction between gas and dust.
TYPES OF
GALAXIES:
· Spiral (matured, few gas, spiral
presence, EX:Milky way galaxy)
· Elliptical (old, few gas, more
celestial bodies, EX: Messier 89)
· Irregular (large megallenic clouds,
young, high gas and dust content, EX: NGC 2337)
STARS:
· The growing nebula eventually develops into a localized lump of gas which grows into a denser gaseous body called as star.
CREDITS: LEO NAVEENAN
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